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An essay on Impact of Training and Development on Small and Medium Enterprises- Effect of T& D on S&M scale firm

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Impact of Training and Development on Small and Medium Enterprises

Research Problem Statement 

To know the relationship between training and development on small and medium scale firms (S&M scale firms), many theorists have conducted different theoretical explanations. Moreover, this research paper is going to discuss some studies which have been conducted on inspecting the link between training and development (T&D) and also their impact on S&M scale firms. Presently, it can be said that no such accurate study has been organized to know the impact of T&D in the enterprises of S&M scale firms (Ahmad, Iqbal, Mir, Haider & Hamad, 2014).  To scan the effect of T & D on S&M scale firms, it is necessary to organize a research. 

Research Questions: Some questions related to the research are as follows: 

? Do the performance of a business can be improved by training and development with the aid of proficiency?

? Is there may be any relationship between T&D and proficiency?

? Is there any relationship among Training and Development? 

? Is there any relationship between business performance and proficiency?

 

Research Purpose Statement 

The inspecting procedure of the effect of training and development on S&M scale firms is the prime motive of the research study. The research study mainly focuses on only one purpose. The main purpose of this research is to examine the effect of T&D on the performance of the business especially the performance of the staffs of the SMEs. But the impact might be different in different companies as the performance of the staff depends on various factors and one of them is T & D of the employees.  Thus, the primary focus will be on conducting research which will examine the effect of training and development on small and medium scale businesses in today’s emerging business world. 

The recent research studies held in some developing countries provide some quasi-experimental or experimental distinguishes in the training participate of workers that inspect the effect of training on an individual’s work performance (Beynon, Jones, Pickernell & Packham, 2015). As training and development in small medium enterprises is an emerging concept, the companies have to be adequately motivated to properly manage their activities of training and development. The increasing competition and globalization signify severe competition and it needs qualified employees so that the small and medium enterprises to become equally competitor of large-scale enterprises.

The purpose of the research is to address the effects of measuring and increasing the activities of T & D on S&M scale firms. It also focuses on deciding particular training needed for each staff and the process to improve their performances.  The research will measure the notable interference of organizational culture. The study will encompass the following elements within an organization such as development, quality, effectiveness, financial performance, and efficiency. Hence the study recognizes the result of T&D on the workers of different sectors within small and medium scale business.

Selected Research Method and Justification 

In this particular research, a quantitative research method will be utilized  as it will provide a numerical analysis of data by examining the relations among the research variables collected through questionnaires and correlation analysis in SPSS. The quantitative research will collect information from two groups. The first group will have 50 managers in the responsibility of HR and those are directly or indirectly involved in T & D and performance analysis. The other group will be the 100 staffs from different departments.  

It will be utilizing the sampling process for the research and send out the results in numerical forms. After carefully evaluating the results, the performance of the employees would be analyzed and changes will be brought accordingly (Lynham, 2002). The research study may include a sample which might consist of 100 employees along with the 50 managers from 100 SMEs. When a sample is utilized, and questionnaires are selected, it is essential that the participants chosen for research are representative of the entire population (Coughlan, Cronin & Ryan, 2007). 

The sampling method will be made it easy to access all the targeted participants.  The sample participants are selected by randomly chosen methods. Each member of the sample has the same opportunity to be chosen for the research. To properly investigate the existing performance condition of the enterprises, a questionnaire sample method will be conducted for the various departments within the firm. The sample questionnaire will be handed over to personal or financial officers or CEO between the selected 100 companies of small and medium scale firms.

Two benefits for using sampling method in quantitative research are low cost and quick information collection than measuring the whole population (Johnson, 2001). In this research paper, the use of the quantitative method critically reflects the desired appropriateness in the collection of the required data than the other research approaches. The information gathered in this method is by utilizing a structured process and the research has been carried on larger samples of employees which represents the whole population of staffs.

Different people have different opinions and thus, evaluating each of the decisions put forward by the participants will help in gathering the relevant idea regarding the effect of the training as well as development on the execution of the business procedures of the SMEs. Each one of the firms is effectively using various latest technologies in order to get the preferred competitive benefits throughout the competitive markets. Therefore, the use of the quantitative research method will help in providing the accurate for performing the desired research.   

 

  Research Hypotheses 

On the basis of a topic "The effect of training and development on the business performance of S&M scale firms” mentioned in the research paper, the following hypothesis was made:

[H1]  There is a positive relation between T & D and the performance of the employees.

[H2]   There is a positive relation between T & D and the skills of the staffs.

[H3]   There hold an effective link among training and development and enterprise’s performance. 

[H4] There hold a positive connection between an enterprise's performance and skills of the staffs.

The research hypotheses have been formulated on the basis of a conceptual framework where the performance of the employees is the dependent variable, the research on the T & D is the independent variable and skills of the staffs are the intervening variable. The performance of the employees is the dependent variable which is a multi-dimensional aspect and is difficult to evaluate accurately.  

The T & D is the independent variable representing the main element in HRM. It is involved with the changing behavior of the staffs and motivation which would help to improve the performance of the staffs as well the overall performance of the SMEs (Kum, Cowden & Karodia, 2014). The skills of the staffs are the intervening variable relates to the use of the skills, knowledge, abilities, and attitudes of the staffs in a most effective way.  The skills of the employees will measure the performance of the staffs. 

Intended Data Collection Tool and Analysis 

The questionnaires will be utilized as a tool for gathering data in the research.  It will consist of some standardized questions which will explore the research topic and gather data about different views and behaviors of the employees. The questionnaires are a most affordable tool and practical means for collecting data in quantitative research as it is a low-cost tool. 

The research paper will utilized correlation analysis in SPSS to collect numerical data and clarify it to each participating staffs for evaluating their performances in the firms. The data in the correlation analysis in SPSS will be collected in the form of statistics and numbers will investigate the relationship among the employees based on the given topic from the same department (Bruhn, Karlan & Schoar, 2018).  So here, the correlational investigation procedure will be followed for the research purpose. In the observation, it is seen that the elements used for the research purpose are neither manipulated nor controlled. Hence the study was prepared with the help of a non-contrived setting.

In the research paper, the measures that are going to take will help to deduct the risk of the participated workers within the organization. The measures are innovations, quality, skills, development, practices, knowledge, and efficiency. 

Sampling Method to be used 

The prime aim of this study is to sort out the effect of T & D on S&M scale firms. So a sampling method will be used to select 100 employees as sample based on the research study from a large group of staffs. For the research motive, the study will also select 50 managers from small and medium range firms. For the study in this particular research paper, the quota sampling method is used where some employees are selected from a definite subgroup of staffs. 

It is a sampling process which will permit the researcher to gather data regarding some the employees and managers on the basis of their specific known features (Nabi, Liñán, Fayolle, Krueger & Walmsley, 2017).  This sampling method is utilized to study specific features of the subgroups and in this, the specific features of the subgroups of the employees are the impact of training and development on their performances.  

The members who are participated in the sampling method will be considered as participants.  This procedure is usually applied in statistical analysis where a series of notable observations are detected from the targeted members. The targeted members will be considered as total groups of the population who will help in gathering the samples.  The quota sampling method is cost effective and the sample data used for this research purpose will be collected within a limited point of time (Johnson, 2015). So, the research study was appreciable to be a transverse study based on a limited time horizon.  This research study will be completely distinct from other researches on examining different elements that put an effect on small and medium scale businesses through training and development. The sampling method will be facilitated with the questionnaire that will collect information for this research study.

Bartlett's and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test will be conducted to measure the value of data used for the correlation analysis. The acceptability of the sample used to represent the members of all variables would be provided through KMO. All the factors such as effectiveness, procedures, skills, quality, development, practices, knowledge, innovation and efficiency will be used by Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity. 

The frequency distribution analysis is made upon the basis of people’s performance for various firms. The bivariate distribution analyzes the correlation analysis that is used for the examination of the relationship among firm’s performance and training & development of the employees. The sampling method used in the research paper will also include the correlation between individuals which further states the relations between independent and dependent variables. If the number of individuals in a research are reduced, the cost and workload also decreases, and might make it easier to get high quality of data but this needs to be balanced beside having a large sampling size with adequate power to spot a true connection.

The employees and the managers of the SMEs will be divided into two groups.  The first group will have 50 managers those are in the responsibility of HR and directly or indirectly involved in T & D and performance analysis of the employees. The other group will be the 100 staffs from different departments of 10 SMEs. So there will be a total of 150 participants. Both males and females have to be equally represented in the sample group. This is an important condition that has to be satisfied. Thus, 10 males and 10 females will be selected to represent each group. The quota sampling will be applied to make sure that the sample group is representing particular features of the employees selected by the researcher.  The selection of an equal number of males and females will be a vital feature of quota sampling.

According to the study, an entire observation of SMEs firms will not be possible to carry out.  This might create a problem to select a proper sampling method. Hence, the research study is considered the quota sampling method, although it has some limitations. This sampling method will help to collect information about the performance of the employees accurately but the other features might not be accurate in the final outcomes.  The researchers may find out some alternative ways based on the limitations of the study that will help in future to do any research further related to small and medium scale business.

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